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| Vienna |
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| Population: |
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| In modern times, the population growth of the city
has always been defined by immigration. At the turn of the century,
it was the Czechs, above all, who came to Vienna, but also members
from a variety of ethnic and denominational groups from every part
of the monarchy. As a result of political demarcation after 1918,
the hinterland was reduced drastically and became restricted to the
east region (Lower Austria and Burgenland) up to the 1960s (advent
of the foreign workers’ recruitment). Although the urban area
increased (1910: 278km², since 1954 414.95km²), Vienna’s population
decreased continually from the First World War (1910: 2,083,630
inhabitants). Due to emigration in the interwar years as well as
expulsion and extermination of the Jewish community resident in some
districts (predominantly the Leopoldstadt) after 1938, the drop
between 1934 (1,935,881 inhabitants) and 1951 (1,616,125 inhabitants)
was particularly high. Neither the naturalisation of German speaking
refugees, mainly from the Sudeten countries, nor the migration from
other Austrian federal states could compensate for this loss of
population. A slight increase in population from 1951-1961 and a
marginal decrease until 1971 were followed by another sharp decline
between 1971 (1,619,885 inhabitants) and 1981 (1,531,346 inhabitants).
During the 1980s the population increased slightly at first and in
the 1990s (1991: 1,539,848 inhabitants) a trend in population growth
was noticeable; from 1,611,859 (1992) to 1,636,399 inhabitants
(1995). To a small extent, this development is due to a slight
increase in births since 1991. Most significant gains were due to
migration from other federal states as well as the immigration of
foreigners varying in the different districts. In 1995, 6841
foreigners living in Vienna acquired Austrian citizenship.
Altogether there were 280,811 registered foreigners and convention
refugees living in Vienna at the end of 1991; at the end of 1995
there were 300,675. In 1995, 91,620 of them originated from former
Yugoslavia, 52,095 from Turkey and 19,421 from Poland. In 1991,
around one fifth (19.6%) of the Austrian population were living in
Vienna. Although the population census of 1991 showed Vienna had the
lowest percentage of children in all the federal states (13.9%
children up to 15 years; Austrian total: 17.4%; average number of
children per woman: 1.48), the slight increase in the birth rate
since 1981 has made the base of the age pyramid a little wider. |
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Viennese is a declining Austrian vernacular and
mainly spoken by lower social stratums. In view of Vienna’s high
proportion of the Austrian total population as well as the status of
its inhabitants as residents of the political, economic and cultural
centre, the Viennese have played an important part in the stereotype
which is clichéd abroad as “typically Austrian”. The Viennese are,
for example, inclined, towards cosiness (Gemütlichkeit) and
enjoyment of life, artistic talent (notably in music), but also
towards grumbling.
The Viennese output of music is of international prominence (opera,
operetta, Wiener Walzer). Also famous are Viennese cuisine with its
many characteristic dishes (partly from the Bohemian area), the
Viennese coffee house culture, Viennese achievements in medicine,
psychotherapy, the economic sciences and architecture, as well as in
the field of modern communal and welfare institutions. |
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Text source in extracts: |
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| aeiou - das kulturinformationssystem des bm:bwk |
| 14.000 keywords and 2000 images from
Austrian history, geography, politics and economics |
| www.aeiou.at |
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| Historical population |
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| Due to industrialization and immigration from other
parts of the Empire, the population of Vienna increased sharply
during its time as capital of Austria-Hungary (1867-1918). However,
after World War I, many Czechs and Hungarians returned to their
ancestral countries, resulting in a decline in the Viennese
population. At the height of the immigration, about one third of the
people living in Vienna were of Slavic or Hungarian descent. By
2001, only 16% of people living in Vienna had nationalities other
than Austrian, nearly half of which were from the former Yugoslavia;
the next most numerous nationalities in Vienna were Turkish (39,000
or 2.5%), Polish (13,600 or 0.9%) and German (12,700 or 0.8%). |
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Text source in extracts: |
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| WIKIPEDIA - the free
encyclopedia |
| Wikipedia is a free encyclopedia
with more than 100 languages, where everyone can
contribute with their knowledge |
| de.wikipedia.org |
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Internet Portal
Betriebsges.m.b.H.
Praterstrasse 33/20
A-1020 Vienna
Tel: +43/01/9580808
Fax: +43/01/9580909
E-Mail: office@citype.com
www.citype.com
FN 200659 m
ATU 50515900 |
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